Before starting reading I would like you to follow Latestexplained on instagram & the Author Raghav Rozra for his commendable work.
Enjoy your read!!
INTRODUCTION
Since the time of hindi-chini bhai bhai to the time to boycott chinese products their is a long story to be explained. India & China have always been through a bilateral kind of relationship. Not only the militrical but relations of these countries have gone through a no. Of economical & political clashes also.
The reason of clashes between these countries:
Border Disputes
Military conflicts
Problems with the construction
Other issues(political counter)
BORDER DISPUTES:
Starting from the Kashmir region the disputed lands are devided into 3 categories:
Western sector
Middle sector
Eastern sector
WESTERN SECTOR
This sector majorly consist of Aksai Chin a region of around 1570 kms.
Aksai Chin is one of the two large disputed border areas between India and China. India claims Aksai Chin as the easternmost part of the Jammu and Kashmir state. China claims that Aksai Chin is part of the Xinjiang Region. The line that separates Indian-administered areas of Jammu and Kashmir from Aksai Chin is known as the Line of Actual Control (LAC) and is concurrent with the Chinese Aksai Chin claim line.
MIDDLE SECTOR
Middle sector, between Demchok and western border of India-Nepal, is 545 km long along HimachalPradesh and Uttarakhand states of India. All disputed areas in the middle sector are held by India, but also claimed by China.
Uttarkashi & Chamoli(in the map) are districts of Uttarakhand but are claimed by China.
EASTERN SECTOR
This sector mainly consist of the region of Arunachal pardesh, a region of around 1325kms. In 1914, Tibet was an independent, but weak country. British India negotiated hard and got Tibet to accept that the region of Tawang and the area south of it belonged to India. Everyone was happy except China. Chinese representative in the meeting, withdrew from that and since then China refused to accept the accord resulted out of the meeting.
MILLITRICAL CONFLICT:
1962 -The sino Indian war
The cause of the war was a dispute over the sovereignty of the widely separated Aksai Chin and Arunachal Pradesh border regions. Aksai Chin, claimed by India to belong to Kashmir and by China to be part of Xinjiang, contains an important road link that connects the Chinese regions of Tibet and Xinjiang. China’s construction of this road was one of the triggers of the conflict. The result of this was the defeat for India. As this a fight of around 80,000 Chinese soldiers to 10,000 to 12,000 of India.
Nathu La and Cho La clashes(1967)
Nathu la & cho la are the regions sikkim.
Result of this clash was the Chinese withdrawal from the Kingdom of Sikkim. At the Nathu La pass in the valley, alongside the Sikkim-Tibet border, the deployed Chinese and Indian forces are stationed about 20-30 meters apart, which is the closest of anywhere on the 4000 km Sino-Indian border.
Nathu la:
In the morning of 11 September 1967, the engineers and soldiers of Indian Army started laying the stretch of fencing from Nathu La to Sebu La along the perceived border. According to an Indian account, immediately a Chinese Political Commissar, with a section of Infantry, came to the centre of the pass where an Indian Lieutenant Colonel was standing with his commando platoon. The Chinese Commissar asked the Indian Colonel to stop laying the wire. Indian soldiers refused to halt, saying they were given orders. the Chinese went back to their bunkers and the Indians resumed laying the wire. Within a few minutes of this, a whistle was blown from the Chinese side followed by medium machine gun firing against Indian troops from north shoulder. The the advantageous position Indian troops because of their occupation of high grounds at the pass in Sebu La and Camel’s back, they were able to destroy many Chinese bunkers at Nathu La.
Cho La:
Clash at Cho la took place because of the same reasonas Nathu la. The military duel lasted one day, in which the Indian morale is said to have “got a boost”.According to Sheru Thapliyal, the Chinese were forced to withdraw nearly three kilometers in Cho La during this clash.
CLASHES due to construction:
Doko la(doklam):
The offensive stand of China on Doko La (Doklam) and India’s strong warning in return, is the latest addition to the worries that spoil Indo-China relations.
It started when India (Indian Army) objected a road construction by the People’s Liberation Army (PLA) of China in the Doklam plateau.
Later, China accused Indian troops of entering in its territory and India accused the Chinese of destroying its bunkers
Thereafter China stopped the passage pilgrims heading toward Kailash-Mansarovar through the Nathu La pass, Sikkim. The route is a better alternative to Lepu Lekh route via Uttarakhand and had been opened for pilgrims in 2015.
Hereafter, both India and China increased the presence of their troops and since then there has been a war of words especially from the Chinese state media.
Although a military standoff was averted, diplomatic negotiations have not yielded many results to cool-off the passions across the border.
Other issues between India and China
The recent standoff is seen as a culmination of a number of disagreements between India and China and the relations between the two sides has soured in the last 2-3 years. Few of them are:
1. India’s entry into the UNSC and the NSG
China has been opposing India’s entry into the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) and in the Nuclear Supplier’s Group (NSG).
2. India’s opposition to the OBOR
India has been opposing China’s flagship ‘One Belt One Road’ (OBOR) initiative‘, as the ‘China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) (also
a part of OBOR, passes through the Pakistan Occupied Kashmir (POK) and acceding to OBOR would mean undermining India’s sovereignty.
3. Strengthening of India-USA relations
China is critical of India-USA relations and it is not merely a coincidence that the escalation at the tri-junction coincided with the Indian Prime Minister’s visit to the United States. India supports the US and other countries in reaffirming the freedom of navigation in international waters, which includes the South China Sea. Along with this, the ‘MALABAR Naval exercise’ between India, Japan and USA is also a matter to worry for China.
4. Issue of Tibet and Dalai Lama
The fact that Tibet’s spiritual leader Dalai Lama lives in India is a tension area in India-China relations. The recent visit of Dalai Lama to Arunachal Pradesh has been a matter of conflict between the two sides.
5. Issue of Masood Azhar
India’s bid to get Jaish-e-Mohammad chief Masood Azhar be declared as a UN- designated terrorist has been blocked by China again and again. In fact, China is the only country in the 15 members UNSC to have opposed to the ban. China is of the view that India is trying to pursue political gains in the name of counter-terrorism.
CONCLUSION
As a matter of fact the major proportion of economies of these 2 countries depend on each other. None of these 2 is willing for any other millitrical clash.The need of the hour is realising that our ‘strategic partnership’ could serve us both and help see Asia emerge as the core of world economy.
JAI HIND
Comments